Gas safety heater



May 16, 1939, R. WACEK 2,158,643

GAS SAFETY HEATER Fil ed March 19, 1938 2 SheetsSheet 1 10b I 10a I 12 1/671 2MP fludo Zp/z Wa 06k May 16, 1939. R wACEK 2,158,643

GAS SAFETY HEATER Filed March 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J71 1/677 2 0w fiudo Zp/z Wa 66/6 Patented May 16, 1939 UN I TE STAT PATEN T OF FIC E 4 Claims.

This invention relates to heaters, especially to the gas burning or oil burning type, and has for its'object the provision of a relatively light and inexpensive stove which is easy to manufacture ;5 and install. My invention is devised for use with gas, or oil, and may also be efficiently used with other liquid fuels such as kerosene, gasoline, fuel :Oil, and the like by the mere substitution of the appropriate type of burner, mixing chamber, rosette, and cooperative valve for controlling introduction of the particular fuel.

An important object of my invention is the provision of a safety heater in which the burning chamber is entirely sealed as respects to the 5 building room or rooms to be heated, and wherein the burning elements do not and cannot draw or receive any air from the building chamber but which draws its supply of air and oxygen from outside the building.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a circulating safety heater which heater of relatively light construction and adapted to be installed in any desired location within a building, and which has a plurality of heat-resisting elements heated by conduction from a sealed burning chamber and over which the air of the room to be heated passes by convection.

A further object of my invention is the provision of an inexpensive relatively light safety heater in which the burning compartment is separated and sealed from the remaining portions of the heater, said burning compartment containing suitable burner and feed and supply lines of either gaseous or liquid fuel and in which the sealed burner compartment is connected with both intake and outlet conduits to the outside atmosphere.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a heater of the class described contain- 4 ing a separate inner sealed burning compartment connected with the outside atmosphere by both intake and outlet conduits and which includes compartments and heat-resisting elements through which and along which the building room air passes by convection.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a safety heater for utilizing gaseous or liquid fuel in which the burner containing compartment is separated and sealed from the heater 51) portions through which the building room air passes and which burner compartment is provided with a lower intake conduit and an upper outlet conduit for the gases of combustion and which is provided with inclined bafiie means for 55 controlling the inlet or air thereinto, and which heater is also provided with suitable fuel control valves.

Other-and further objects of my invention will be apparent from the following description, accompanying drawings a and claims.

On the drawings:

The illustration of the drawings is-directed to that form of my invention utilizing a suitable gaseous fuel, it being understood that the mere substitution of a conventional burner for liquid fuel is equally adaptable and within the scope of my invention.

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of my burner and showing the exterior thereof.

Fig. 2 iswa cross sectional view of my burner taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of my burner taken on line *3-3 of Fig. '1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on line -44 of Fig. 2.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, reference numeral l0 designates a substantially rectangular sheet metal housing composed of four vertically extending sides and which is normally supported by a plurality of metal legs lilo, one at each corner thereof which are secured at their upper ends to said housing l9. we designates a substantially flat metal grille plate or cover member which may be 'foramino'us or otherwise "suitably apertured and which has secured thereto a right angled metal bar lllc which is so positioned as to feed inside of the upper peripheries of the said walls of the housing Ill. As illustrated in Fig. 4, said grille or cover member 'I'llb may be secured to the housing Ill by suitable screws ltld.

Reference numeral ll designates a substantially rectangular combustion chamber which is formed-by substantially parallel spaced apart side walls H a, a substantially flat flanged bottom plate Hb removably mounted upon the lower edges of the side walls Ila, and a substantially peripherally flanged cover plate 'I I0 which is secured along its edges to the upper periphery of the side walls Ha. Said bottom and cover plates form a closed joint at the points of juncture with the side walls Ila so as to be substantially air proof and to form a sealed joint so as not to ermit passage of air into the combustion chamber ll through such joints. The combustion chamber I! has a suitable inlet aperture formed in its side wall in which is securely mounted a tubular nipple or conduit 12 and which nipple has an annular flange at one end which is secured by welding or the like in said inlet aperture of the side wall Ila of said combustion chamber II; a plurality of horizontally extending metal bafiie plates I3, which are preferably bent at right angles to form flanges are secured in substantially horizontal spaced apart relation to the opposite side walls Ila of combustion chamber II and in such a manner that the heat and combustion vapors will rise and flow in a circuitous zig-zag path around said horizontally extending baffles until it reaches the uppermost portion of the interior of said combustion chamber.

As clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, there is formed in the side wall I la of combustion chamber II a relatively large aperture in which is securely mounted the outlet flue, nipple or conduit I which forms an outlet communication means for the heat and combustion vapors from within the combustion chamber. Said flue or conduit I5 extends preferably horizontally to a point at a short distance exterior of the side wall of the outer housing I9, as clearly indicated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, and said outlet flue conduit is adapted to be connected by a suitable pipe or conduit to the flue or chimney of the building in which the heater is used. The inlet conduit or nipple I2 is adapted to be connected by suitable piping to a point exterior of the wall or floor of the room in which the heater is used.

A U-shaped sheet metal plate I l which has edge flanges Ida and which has one end thereof at right angles is secured by welding or the like upon the inside surface of the side wall 1 In. of the combustion chamber I I and in a position directly over the outlet through said wall to the flue or conduit I5. The aforesaid construction consisting principally of metal plate l4 and flanges I 4a forms the two uppermost baflie plates I3 which are secured on the side wall Ila and are suitably recessed so that said U-shaped plate member may be mounted opposite the outlet port and outlet flue to thereby form a substantially rectangular outwardly opening smoke chamber I6 as clearly indicated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4.

Suitably mounted within the lower portion of the combustion chamber II and preferably used above the bottom Ilb is a suitable metal burner I! which may be in any one of the conventional patterns and construction and which may be of a type for utilizing either gaseous or liquid fuel. The burner I'I illustrated in Fig. 2 is of the type used for gas and has the conventional plurality of spaced apart outlet apertures in the upper portion thereof from which the flames emanate when the emitted gas is ignited. An outwardly flaring bell-shaped mixing chamber I'Ia is preferably formed integral with the inlet conduit of the burner I l. A suitable valve housing I8 is mounted in the wall of the combustion chamber H, preferably by threading the same in an aperture in said wall. An adjustable needle valve I9 is mounted in the said valve housing la in the conventional manner by an adjusting screw 20, the inner end of said valve being conical and pointed and adapted to sit in a conical seat in the inner end of the valve housing. Manual rotation of the valve I9 through rotation of its exterior head is adapted to regulate the degree of the opening surrounding the conical and pointed end of the valve and to thereby regulate the inflow of the gas or other combustible fuel into the mixing chamber Ila of the burner Il. As the air flows in from points exterior of the room in which the heater is mounted through the inlet conduit I2 and into the combustion chamber it will immediately flow into and be drawn into the mixing chamber Illa of the burner I! wherein it is mixed with the gaseous fuel which is introduced through the valve of the aforesaid construction.

An important feature of my invention is the provision of an adjustably mounted baffle or deflecting plate 2 I which is illustrated in cross section in Fig. 4. Said air deflecting plate is of substantially flat sheet metal and has its upper edge bent angularly to form an integral flange Zia at an obtuse angle thereto. Said plate is recessed at its lower edge to permit mounting and seating thereof over the intake portion of the burner I'Z, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The upper angular flange am of the air deflecting baflle 2| has a plurality of spaced apart vertically extending elongated apertures and said plate 2i is adjustably mounted with respect to the wall Ila, of the combustion chamber by means of a plurality of suitable bolts 2Ib which pass through spaced apart apertures in wall Ila and which threadingly engage correspondingly threaded nuts on the inner end thereof to cause the angular flange of said deflecting plate or baiile 2i to be securely though removably and adjustably mounted against the inside surface of the wall Ila.

The deflecting plate or baflie 2| is preferably so mounted so that its lower edge is a short distance above the bottom lie of the combustion chamber so that the incoming air will be deflected to the bottom of the combustion chamber and will thence rise by the upper portion of the burner H and come in contact with the flames emitted from the burner apertures to be thereby heated and continue in the upward circuitous zigzag path hereinbefore described. Some of the incoming air passing through inlet conduit I2 of course enters the open bell-shaped end of the mixing chamber Ila to be mixed with the inflowing gaseous fuel as the fuel and air travels through the burner to be ignited at the upwardly opening apertures. When it is desired to lower the deflecting plate or baffle 2| to make a more narrow and more restricted opening below the lower edge of the bafile plate 2|, the bolts 2Ib may be loosened and the plate lowered and the bolts then tightened to again secure said deflecting baffie in stationary position. Conversely, if elevation of said plate is desired the opposite movement and adjustment is similarly accom plished.

A second important function and advantage of the diagonally extending baffle or deflecting plate 2I is that it prevents any excessive inrush of air into the combustion chamber such as would blow out and extinguish the flames.

A further function and advantage of said plate is that it forms a heat resistance and heat absorbing element which prevents any substantial amount of heat from escaping upwardly through the inlet conduit I2, and insures that the upwardly traveling hot air current will continue in the upward zigzag path as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4.

A further important function of said deflecting plate or baiiie is that it directs the incoming air to points below the burner and as it is driven upward it contacts and is heated by the burner itself, thus preventing cold air from going into the burner compartment.

When the heated air and gases of combustion have reached the compartment above the uppermost baffle I3 in the combustion chamber it will necessarily be forced downwardly through the upper opening into the smoke chamber I5 and outwardly through the flue or conduit I5 and thence into the exhaust flue (not shown) with which said exhaust flue is communicatively connected.

To provide further means of regulating the volume of inflowing air I provide a suitable manually operable damper valve 38 in inlet conduit l2, as clearly illustrated in Fig. i, and which has suitable handle exterior of the conduit to adjust the position of same and to regulate the volume of incoming air.

The combustion chamber H and its attached parts are supported in the shell or housing 10 by a pair of metal cross bars 29, the opposite ends of which are secured by riveting or the like to the lower flanged edges lb of the side walls of the housing iii, as indicated at the left of Fig. 3.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, reference numeral 23 designates a metal cylinder which has a removable window 24 slipped upon the end thereof, said window 24 comprising a ring-like frame preferably of non-conducting material and an isinglass panel therein. The viewing cylinder 23, when mounted, passes through an aperture formed in the outer wall of the housing or casing H), and said cylinder has its inner end removably fitted in a suitable bushing 25 secured on the wall of the combustion chamber H. The inner end of the cylinder 23 has a bayonet groove which removably engages a suitable projection (not shown) on the bushing 25 so that said viewing cylinder may be securely though removably mounted. Viewing cylinder 23 is so positioned that the fiames of the burner will be visible therethru and to permit desirable adjustment thereof.

The inlet end of the valve housing l8 is com municatively connected to a source of fuel as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, which show a suitable hand valve 26 in threading engagement with a fuel supply pipe 27 which is connected to a fuel container or supply line.

As illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 I provide a plurality of spaced apart metal heat resisting elements or fins 28 which are preferably made of substantially fiat pieces of sheet metal and which are secured by welding or the like to the exterior wall of the combustion housing l i and preferably in substantially parallel equally spaced apart position. As clearly shown, each of said fins have one edge thereof bent at right angles to form a suitable flange which permits convenient welding of same against the outer surface of combustion chamber i i. The fins 23 extend to within a short distance of the outer shell or casing It and provide heat absorbing and heat resistant elements and substantially divide the space of the inner combustion chamber and the outer housing or casing iii into a plurality of vertically extending air passageways. As the combustion chamber with attached parts is merely supported by a pair of cross bars 29, one at each end, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the bottom of the heater is open and the air within the heater and surrounding the combustion chamber and fins '23 upon being heated will rise by convection and draw the colder air from below the heater upwardly and create a continuous convection current. The plates or fins 28 together with the outer walls of the combustion chamber heat the air rising through the heater, and because of the large surface area of said fins, the heat absorbed from the combustion chamber is retained a substantially long time even after the flame is temporarily extinguished.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a heater of the class described, a metal casing having substantially vertical walls; an airtight combustion chamber mounted Within said casing and spaced apart from the walls thereof; a plurality of vertically extending heat-conducting elements secured on the outside of said combustion chamber and forming vertically extending air circulating passageways; a fuel burner mounted in said combustion chamber; conduit means communicating with the lower portion of said combustion chamber and adapted to be con: nected to the outside atmosphere; a side outlet conduit communicating with the upper part of said combustion chamber and adapted to be connected with an exhaust flue; heat-conducting elements in said combustion chamber; and manually adjustable valve means mounted in said combustion chamber for controlling the volume of fuel introduced to said burner, an adjustable air deflecting plate adjacent the inlet conduit for deflecting air to the bottom of said chamber, and a damper Valve in said air inlet conduit controlling the volume of air introduced into said combustion chamber.

2. In a heater of the described class, a substantially rectangular outer housing; supporting legs on said housing; an inner substantially rectangular casing forming a combustion chamber, and

having a lower air inlet port and a side outlet exhaust port, conduit pipes connecting said inlet and exhaust ports to points outside a room to be heated; a plurality of spaced apart baffle plates in said combustion chamber for causing the heat and combustion gases to move in a circuitous path therethrough; a smoke chamber about said exhaust port; a burner mounted in the lower portion of said combustion chamber, said burner having an air mixing chamber; an elongated valve housing mounted in the wall of said combustion chamber and extending into the mixing chamber of said burner; an adjustable valve in said valve housing; a diagonally extending bafiie plate for deflecting the incoming air to the bottom of said combustion chamber; a plurality of spaced apart staggered horizontally extending bafile plates in said combustion chamber; and an observation cylinder having one end removably mounted in the wall of said combustion chamber to permit viewing of the flames of said burner.

3. In a heater of the described class, a substantially rectangular outer housing; supporting legs on said housing; an inner substantially rectangular casing forming a combustion chamber, and having a lower air inlet port and a side outlet exhaust port, said inlet and exhaust ports being connectible to points exterior of a room in which said heater is mounted; a burner mounted in the lower portion of said combustion chamber, said burner having an air mixing chamber; an elongated valve housing mounted in the wall of said combustion chamber and extending into the mixing chamber of said burner; an adjustable valve in said valve housing; a diagonally extending baiile plate for deflecting the incoming air to the bottom of said combustion chamber; a plurality of spaced apart staggered horizontally extending bafiie plates in said combustion chamber; a plurality of spaced apart vertically extending heatconducting plates on the outside of said combustion chamber forming a plurality of air passageways; a plurality of spaced apart horizontally extending bafile plates in the upper part of said combustion chamber and secured to the walls thereof; and an observation cylinder having one end removably mounted in the Wall of said com bustion chamber to permit viewing of the flames of said burner.

4. In a heater of the described class, a substantially rectangular outer housing; supporting legs on said housing; an inner substantially rectangular casing forming a combustion chamber, and having a lower air inlet port and a side outlet exhaust port, a conduit section on said inlet port, a conduit section on said exhaust port; said inlet and exhaust conduit sections being connectible to points outside the room in which the heater is mounted; a burner mounted in the lower portion of said combustion chamber, said burner having an air mixing chamber; an e1on- RUDOLPH WACEK. 

